@Article{DurandServLaurMach:2005:TrAtLa,
               author = "Durand, Bruno and Servain, Jacques and Laurent, Henri and Machado, 
                         Luis Augusto Toledo",
          affiliation = "Fundacao Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hidricos (FUNCEME), 
                         Fortaleza, Ceara, Brasil and {} and {} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)/ CPTEC}",
                title = "Tropical Atlantic Latent Heat Flux, Convection over Northeastern 
                         Brazil and PIRATA network",
              journal = "Journal of Climate",
                 year = "2005",
               volume = "18",
               number = "12",
                pages = "2093--2101",
                month = "June",
             keywords = "Tropical Atlantic, heat fluxes, convective systems, PIRATA, 
                         rainfall variability, toga coare, simulation, ocean, model, 
                         dynamics.",
             abstract = "This study aims to examine the relationship between the tropical 
                         Atlantic latent heat flux and convective cloud coverage over 
                         northeast Brazil (NEB) during the four months of the main rainy 
                         season (February-May). The correlation with anomalies of these 
                         data is investigated, both without lag and with a 1-month lag (the 
                         heat flux in advance). In both cases, a significant positive 
                         correlation appears in the northwestern tropical Atlantic, and a 
                         significant negative correlation is obtained for a limited area 
                         off eastern NEB. These two correlation patterns are linked to 
                         anomalies in the trade wind intensity and in the meridional 
                         position of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), which 
                         relate to the latent heat flux anomalies and NEB convective 
                         coverage anomalies, respectively. The positive correlation pattern 
                         is spread over a large part of the northern tropical Atlantic, 
                         whereas the negative correlation pattern is confined off NEB. This 
                         indicates the existence of different regional mechanisms in the 
                         tropical Atlantic basin. The impact of the Atlantic heat fluxes on 
                         NEB convection is somewhat different from the classical meridional 
                         dipole related to the SST variability. The analysis of the 
                         horizontal moisture flux shows that during flood years an 
                         additional meridional inflow balances the eastward loss, and the 
                         upward velocity reinforced over NEB contributes to intensify NEB 
                         convection. The positive correlation pattern indicates that the 
                         location of the northern branch of the Pilot Research moored Array 
                         in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) moorings is pertinent to monitor 
                         the ocean-atmosphere interface parameters. The negative 
                         correlation pattern off NEB provides new support for the possible 
                         extension of the PIRATA array toward the Brazilian coast. 
                         Complementary results at 1-month lag and the real-time 
                         availability of the PIRATA data confirm the potential of NEB 
                         forecasting.",
           copyholder = "SID/SCD",
                 issn = "0894-8755",
             language = "English",
           targetfile = "Durand_Machado_TropicalAtlantic_2005.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "04 maio 2024"
}